I PU IH PATE FRANCE(PYANTIT) PAINA

I pu i pa te Piantit paina

(1) PIANCIT PAINA THU (1917-1918)

Leitung galpi khatna 1914 Kumin piang a, tua gal kidona-ah Englandte tampi si-in Kham dangka Pound 900 Million val bei hi. England leh France kipawlin, France gamah a kisim laitakun Englandte in amau’ huhna gam tengah huhna mah ngen kawikawi uh hi.

Tua hunin Ih Kawl gam England Kumpi in hong uk khin a hih manin, Kawl gamah zong huhna hong ngen kik uh hi. Sukte gam, Kamhau’ gam, Sihzaang’ gam tengah huhna ngen dingin Mawlaik panin Deputy Commissioner D.D.F.O.Lowler 1917 January nipi masa sungin Tedim hong tung hi. Hih Ukpi 3 sung tengah ki kaikhawmin, gal huh ding gen hi. Amasa-in Ukpite in nanial uh hi. A hi zongin F.O Lowler in, 1891 June 23, ni a Thangpi a kibawl, kiciamna bulphuhin huhna hong nget ciangin, Ukpite in nanial ngam nawnlo uh hi.

Hau Cinkhup makai-in Ukpite in amau’ uk sung ciatah mi kaihkhop sakin, Sukte gam panin mi 250, Kamhau’ gam panin, mi 700, Sihzaang gam panin, mi 83, a gawm mi 1033 ngah sak uh hi. A kingen zah sangin a tam zaw ngah sak uh hi.

Gal huh ding a apai mite Tedimah kha 3 sung nasep sinsak phot uh hi. Kha 3 sung a man khit uh ciangin inn lamah kha lang sung ciah khuan pia uh hi. 1917 May 15 ni-in gal huh ding mi 1033-te Tedimah kituah uh a, France gal mai a na sem dingin, Tedim khua panin anuai a bangin pai uh hi.

- 1917 May 27Zingsang nai 10:00 Tedim panin Dimlo-ah giak uh hi.

- 1917May 28,Dimlo panin Thangpi-ah giak hi.

- 1917May 30,Tulsuk panin Kawlpi-ah giak hi.

- 1917 May 31,Kawlpi panin Gunkhawm tunginGunkhawm pan in tum theih a tuamtaum tawh na muak uh hi.

- 1917 June 1,Gunkhawm panin Tembaw tawh Myanyan June ni 4 ni-in Tung uh a zan thum tam uh hi.

- 1917 June 8,Myanyan panin Yangon tung uh hi. Sya Po tha in zing an nekpihin France pai ding teng, zatep bu nih, Khakkhi puan ak khat tek, pheituam khat, puanak tungsilh khat mainul khat leh sunsiah phel khat tek pia uh hi.

- 1917 June 9,Zogam panin a ki kha sukte tawh mangpha kikhakin, Yangon pan Tembaw tawh ding khia uh hi. 

- 1917 June 13,Nitak nai 5:00 India Khuapi Culcutta tung uh a, Kei-zaangte Khoigin a kam sung meima-inZato kahin Zato panin si hi. A luang mei tawh hal ding deihlo uh a hih manin, Vung Zakham maikai-in Khuapi tai 15 a ki gamlatna-ah vui uh hi.

- 1917June 24,Nitak nai 5:00 Culcutta pan Meileng tawh Bombay pai hi.

- 1917June 28,Nitak nai 6:00-ah Bombay khua tungin Zato-ah ki ensak uh a, khua vot thuak zolo mi 15 ciah sak uh hi.

- 1917June 29,Nitak nai 3:00 Sente’ Tembaw tuangin Bombay pan ding khia uh hi. Arabia tuipi tungah ni 13 sung paisuak uh hi.

- 1917 July 14,Nitak nai 5:00-in Eden huan tung uh a Inn sung lutpah theilo uh hi. Nai.7:00Pm, ciang lut thei. uh hi.

- 1917 July 17,Eden pan Tembaw ni 4 sung pai uh a, Izipt gam Suez canal zuan uh hi. 

- 1917 ni 21 ni-in, Suez tung uh a, Tua kikal sehnel gam bekbek a hi hi. Suez canal pen Englandte’vanleng phualpi hi a, a galvanlengte uh muhnop sa mahmah uh hi.

- 1917 July 26,Nitak nai 6:00 Suez Khuapi panin Meileng tawh pai uh hi

- 1917 July 27,Zingsang 8:00 Egypt gam Alexandria khuapi tung uh a, nitak lamin Tembaw tawh paisuakin Italy gam Toronto khuapi tungin nisat mahmah na mun hi a, amau’ suan tawm singkung bek po hi. Sing ham mahmah hi. Tui nisa-ah lumsak masa-in tua khit ciangin meitungah suang pan uh hi. Sing kung tungah Toktol tam mahmah ahih manin, Toktol khua ci-in ciamteh uh hi.

- 1917August ni 6 ni-inToronto khua panin meileng tawh ni 8 sung pai-in, Moh leh niantui bekbek tawh vakin nuamsa mahmah uh hi.

- 1917August14ni France Khuapi Marselles a tun uh ciangin, Khasum Rs. 50/- Oversea Allowvance Rs. 100/- sang sak uh hi. Sukte leh Sihzaang mi teng, No.61 Labour Corp min pia-in, Kamhau’ mi No. 62 Labour Corp min pia a, Capt, Rund-all in uk hi.

- 1917 Aug 24,Marselles khua panin meileng tawh ding ding khia kikin, England leh Germanyte’ kikapna mun Bikot camp 1917 August 27 ni-in tung uh hi. Tua lai-ah nasep laitakin, Tonzaangte Neng Zalang in khutlet bomb khat puakkhamsak kha a hih manin, mi 6 liamin tuate Zato pension kipia hi.

Bikot camp panin Brazil-ah ki tuah kik uh a, tua campah a om sungun sun leh zanin thauging bekbek kawlmim kanpuak ging bangin tai 100 huam sung, thautang san ziahzuah ci-in lim gen mahmah uh hi. Piancit paite pen galkap hilo-in vansiate khawmtuah, galte’ zat ding thauvui thautang annek tui dawn, a suah a sang leh a kisam bangbang asem uh a hi hi. Tua bangin a lauhuai galmai samai-ah lungleng khuangai-in a om sungun, a ki hehnepna-un, Alexandria khua a a om sung vua, Gualkhate tawh tuipek a kidemna uh khawng, Arabia tuipi tung a nawk lai vua, amuh uh ngasa inn ciacia a phate kikumin holim mahmah uh hi.

Alexandria a om sungun Gualkhate tawh tuipek kidem uh a, Gualkha galkap 9, Zato kipuak a hih manin, tuipek ding kikham hi. Arabia tuipi kantanin, tui hualte nasia lua mahmah ahih manin, Motor kham bangin khamin an ne zolo tui dawn zolo-in a om laitakun inn ciacia, saipi ciacia a pha ngasa (Whale) gual khat ciangin tul val bang a pha ding tai 2 sung bang, nisuahna pan nitumna lam manawhin a tai hanhan ngasa a muh uh ciangin lamdang sa-in muhnop sa mahmah uh hi.

Bikot khua a om lai-un ana seppih uh midangte tawh, lungnop nadingin bawlung kidem zel uh hi. Tua kidemna-ah na zo uh a hih manin, Piancitte in lamdang sa-in a pahtawina uh Lian Zakham in a nuai abangin la na phuak hi.

(a) Piantui a zal mi zatam te’n, kua’ vontawi bel hiam ci e,

(b) Kua’ vontawi ci’n khau bang sut ing, puvon ngo sal bang lange,

Hih bangin ihpu ihpate ahunhun amunmunah, midangte’ sangin a hatnate uh na lakkhia uh a, mite’ zahtak leh pahtwi-in na om uh hi. Bikot campah a om sungun, England galkap suah theih nadingin British Parliament-ah ngen uh a, England Kumpi in ih pu ihpate, galhan dan, galsiam dan thei khin uh a hih manun, piak dingin thu zasak uh hi. Tua hun laitakin Tonzaangte Khup Zadal in, kampau khialhna khat tawh kimanin, a suahtak khit ciangin buksau natna khat tawh si hi. Tua pa pen England galkapte in thupi takin zahtakna tak tawh vui uh hi. 1917 December kha-in, England Prime Minister leh galkap maang pawl khatte Brazil camp-ah pai uh a, Tonzaangte Gin vum leh a lawmte pawl khat in, zahtakna na pialo kha uh a hih manin kha 3 sung thong kiasak hi.

(2) London paina:

Brazil campa na semte khen 78, pha uh a, tua sung panin No. 61 leh No. 62, Labour corpte’ hanciamna leh nasep siamna minthang mahmah a hih manin, Kumpi King george V. in, “Ki mu nuam ing,” ci a hih manin, a kimu dingin corp 2 sung panin ki teng khia uh hi. Tuate Kumpipa tawh kimu dingin, 1918 Marc ni 9 ni-in ding khia-in, ni 10,ni-in, Boulogue khua pan Tembaw tawh English Channel kantanin pai uh a, nitak nai 4-in England Tembaw khawlna tung uh hi. Tua panin Meileng tawh pai-in, nitak nai 9-in London meileng khawlna tung uh hi. Tua lai-ah Uliante in na dawn uh a, Indiate’ tunna inn khat (9th Floor) tung sak uh hi.

Tua inn deipi sungah Prime Minister leh Minister dangte in na muak uh hi. Zingsang nai 11, ciangin kumpipa tawh kimu ding leh, galkap puan silh ding vaikhak uh a, khut kilenin kikhen uh hi. England Kumpi in a khangkhangin atenna Buckingham place-ah Kumpi King george v. tawh kimu ding a pai teng:-

1. Mawlaik Deputy Commissioner F.O. Fowler

2. Subidar Mangpum ( Khuasak )

3. Interpreter Thawng Zakai (Muizawl )

4. Company Commender.Songtheu (Tualzaang )

5. Interpreter.Thuampau (Khawsak )

6. Company Commander. Vungh Zakham (Tonzaang )

7. Company commander. Kam Zanang (Tuipi )

8. Company Commander. Hau Zanang (Heilei )

9. Platoon Comander. Hang Khawcin (Tuitawh )

10. Platoon Commander. Thiaukam (Kaptel )

11. Sergeant. Vialzen (Vangteh )

(3) Kumpipa tawh kimuhna:

1918 March 11 zingsang nai 8,-in,Uliante in a zintunna uh panin Motor tawh la-in Kumpipa tawh Kumpipa’ innah paipih uh hi. Khamtawh kizut a sau mahmah Saha 4 leh sailu 2 a kisuanna Kumpipa’ zin dona inn dei sungah kigualin, Kumpipa’ hong pai ding ngak uh hi. Zingsang nai 9-in Kumpipa a galkap puan tawh kizemin huihluai tawh hong tuak sukin, 3 vei zahtakna a piak khit uh ciangin khut kilenin a nuai a bangin kumpipa in thu hong gen hi.

(4) Kumpipa’ thu gente:

“Hih zahtak a agamla, Zo gam Tedim panin, gal huh ding a hong pai Labour corp 61 leh 62 sung panin, galmai nasepna khempeuhah deihsakna tak tawh, hanciamin paubanna omlo-in, hoihtakin zo cih ka za hi. Ka lungdamna bangmah tawh kiteh theilo-in ka lungdam hi. Leitung hunah, England Kumpi’ thu neihna a bei matengin, England mi khat ka om lai tengun, Zomi, Tedim mi peuhmah gilkial dangtakin hong puksisak lo ding hi ung. Na gentheihna mun khempeuh vuah England Kumpi in hongkem ding hi ung.” Ci-in thu a gen khit ciangin, “Note tawh sau veipi ka om nop hangin, ka nasepna tamin hun ngahlo ka hihmanin, ka dah mahmah hi. London khua-ah na om sungun, na lamdang tuamtuamte Ministerte in hong lak kawikawi ding hi,” ci-in thu a gen khit ciangin, khut kilenin kikhen uh hi.

Tua khit ciangin Zo mi Tedim mite, Kumpipa lim kisuanna inn dei sungah, man (Photo) kizaih uh hi. Minister khat in makaihin kumpipa’ inn sung panin nidang lai a, mawhnei kumpi Nu’ kithahna nalamdang tuamtuamte etpih kawikawi hi. Kumpipa inn tai 2 huam bang zai hi. Inn tungah dial mun 16-ah kikhai a, Nidang lai London khua meikatna leh, zinlinna te lim sungah ensak uh hi. Kumpi inn sungah naupang kum 12 gual a pha mi 150-te in, Kumpipa’ lungnopna dingin, nisimin Benkhaza (Music) tumin lam zel uh hi, ci-in ki gen hi.

1918 March 12, ni-in Parliament kikhopna-ah kahsak uh hi. A pai ma-un Kumpipa Zum khan vel masa uh hi. Parliament kikhopna inn sung a lut uh ciangun, mipite in zahtakna pia-in ding uh hi. Kikhopna a man uh ciangin, Kawlgam Governorpa in, a innah moh leh niangtui tawh vak hi. Tua lai a nasep sin Kawl mi 13-te tawh, kiho khawmin nitak ciangin Cenima etpih uh hi. 1918 march 13, zingsang an nek khit ciangin, ganhing khawina (Zoo) en uh hi. A ciah uh ciangin Whiter leh whiteson companyte in, Singgahtui tawh vak hi.

1918 March14 ni-in, England Kumpi a sem ngei khempeuh leh, vaihawm ulian khempeuhte’ laizangah, Kumpi King george V. 4-te’ innkuan lim omna etpih uh hi. Tua mun a cing galkap khat, Songtheu in milim sa-in a khamul a lawnsak kha hi. Tua lai pen milim lah mihing kisa, mihing lah milim kisa thei hi, ci-in gen uh hi. Nitak lam ciangin, Kham leh ngun ki bawlna sik namkim leh van tuamtaum kibawlna munte en uh hi. 1918 March 15 nitak an nek khit ciangin, London khua nawl a om vanleng bawlna mun etpih uh hi.

1918 march 16 ni-in India Governorpa in an vak a, An a nek khit uh ciangin Roll company leh Whiteson Companyte in sam leuleu uh hi. Nek theih dawntheih tuamtuam tawh zindo uh hi. Roll Company inntung a sang pen munah, bawlung tualpi om a, tua panin London khua sung kimu thei hi. Roll Company inn laizangah inn tung leh inntual kikal, khuampi khat om a, a kim kot mel tuamtuam nei singpek tawh kizem hi. Sabuai bangin ki umcip hi. Tua khuam pen a tawntungin kipei den a, van leite in khuam kipei den tunga sabuai sungah sum khia leh vante a mau’ gei sabuai-ah hong pai lel hi, ci-in gen uh hi. Lampi gei vanzuaknate-ah, a van man zah ding sum kikhia-in, Switch ki mek leh a leinop van pusuak hi. 1918 March 20 ni-in ciah kik ding gelna a om hangin, Germany galkap a kiman tul 300-te puakna-in Tembaw teng kizang ahih manin, ciah theilo uh hi.

1918 March 22, ni-in London pan ciahkhia-in, Brazil camp a tun uh ciangin, England galkap lut theihna ding lai tunga, galkap a suak nuamte galkap dan sin dingin Lyons camp-ah kisuan uh hi. Tuate pai khiat ni zanin, thautang koihna innpi bomb in kha a, tua munah ki om ngam nawnlo-in mundangah kitai hi. Galtaina mun panin, England galkap a suak nuam lote inn lamah ciahsak hi. England galkap suak a, Lyons camp a galkap sinte a nuai abangin za kipia hi:-

1.Capt F.O Fowler – Colonel

2. Gordon – Lt. Colonel

3. Warald – Major

4. Ohtakhin -Captain

5. Thawng Zakai -Captain -Muizawl

6. Thuampau – Captain -Khuasak

7.Vung Zakham – Leutanant -Tonzaang

8. Songtheu – Leutanant – Kaptel

9. Kam Zamang – Lieutanant -Tuipi

10. Kimvungh -Lieutanant – Lamzaang

11. Do Cinlian -Lieutanant – Haupi

12. Cinkhai -2nd,Lieutanant -Tuitum

13. Lian Zathang -Lieutanant – Laitui

14. Pau Cinlian -Lieutanant – Gamngai

15. Pau Zacin -Subidar – Suangzaang

Atung a bangin za tuamtuamte a piak banah, Sergeant, Corporal akipan za tuamtuam a ngah tampi ki om hi. Tuate Lyons camp-ah nipi 3 sung galkap dan a sin sak laitakin Zo gam panin laikhak ki ngah a, Kuki Thahdo leh Hakha gal kisimna hangin lo ki kho theilo cih thu a zak ciangun, Zo gam ciah kik ding a khuan ngen uh a, 1918 July kha-in hong ciahin August kha-in Tedim hong tung uh hi. Piancit gamah Kum khat leh kha 6 sung na sem uh a, galmai leh natna tawh hong sihsante longal, Mangkaang Kumpi in minphatna PAHTAWINA LAI (Certificate) khat ciat pia uh hi.

CERTIFICATE

This is Certificate is given to ——————-who enrolled voluntarily as a mate in the Burma labour Corp and worked in france for the British Government during the great war. He worked loyally and well in all; weather by night as well as by day and every advance and often dangerous condition and willingly and cheerfully bare his share of the burdens of the day. This fact should ever be remembered to his credit by those who have any dealings with him and may all officials deal with him and his family in the liberal for him on which the place his service at the disposed of the empire in its hour of stress may he and his family never be forgotten.

Sd/-

F.O Fowler (Capt)

Burma Commission

Piancit pai Labour Corps a nasemte lungzuan khuangaihna tuamtuam kawm kalah mi 23 te in hong nusia uh hi. Tuate in:-

1. Ngulngin 4. 10 .1917

2. Thangeng 25. 12. 1917

3. Tutlangh 29. 10. 1917

4. Tuangpum 9. 12. 1917

5. Vialdam 9. 12. 1917

6. Ginneng 31. 10. 1917

7. Vumdai 26. 10. 1917

8. Kamang 28. 10. 1017

9. Ngokam 9. 10. 1917

10. Tualkim 4. 9. 1917

11. Lunkap 7. 12. 1917

12. Khoigin 6. 6. 1017

13. Khup Zadal 15. 10. 1917

14. Lang Zakhen 12. 2. 1917

Hih atung a asite Piancit gam galpi masa (1st World war) hun sung a, a site’ hanah kivui-in, hancingte in limtakin cing uh hi, ci-in ki gen hi.

AD 1900-1980 ZOMI KHANG TANGTHU 1 & 2

AD 1900-1980 Zomi khang tangthu kanna 1/2

Theih loh a pha mawh i taangthuAD 1900 MALAM KHANGTHU ATOM A KANNAIBC-2000 Hih hun lai-in ih pu ih pate Tibeto-Burman dangte tawh Sen gam, malsak lam Kansu khum, Lanchou khawpi kiang, Tao lui gei tengah teng dingin ki ummawh hi.

BC-1027-256 Sengamah Jo (Zo) vaihawm lai BC- 221-207 Sengamah Chin vaihawm (Chin Empire) laiBC-4 Kachin leh Zomite piankhiatna ih pu ih pate’ Kung-han Ch’iang’ (Chi-ang hiang khat)te, Sengam Szechean kiimah teng uh hi.

BC-1 Mekhong leh Yangtze luinak lamah teng uh hi. Pyu te’n kawlgamah Sri Ksetra khuapi saat. Zomi te’n Payayi khua na sat uh hi.

AD 4 Zomite in Dangka (Taka) na na nei khin dingin ki ummawh hi.

AD 6 Chindwin zanggam tengah na na teng uh hi.

- 108 Pagan (Pugam) Popa (Pupa) mual kiimah teng uh a, (Dahpa, Penglam’ te’ hun lai ahi hi.

- 600 Pyute Kawlmi suak; Kanyante ranyante Fakhine- mi suak; thet mite Chin (Zomi) Suak hi.

- 750 Zomite Minbu, Thayat, Aunglan (Myede)

- 1044 Zomite in Kabaw valley tung. Khampat khuat na sat uh (Khampat pen Zomite’ sat hi ding hi: Khampat khua in zang leh kham kipehna, kham kipatna ahih manin khampat a kici hi ding hi. Mualtung gam genna Kham a kici pen Zomite bek in ki nei hi: Hih kuam tengah hun sawtpi ki teng hi.

- 1084 Anawrahta in Sukte zo-in Kumpi lian masa na suak1200-50 Kyansittha zi Kumpinu Thambula (Zomi) ahi hi.

- 1254 I pu ih pa te’n Khampat khua-ah mawng (bung) kung khat na suan uh a, tu dongin muh theih dingin Khampat khua nawlah omlai hi.

- 1250-1300 Narathihapate zi Kumpinu Saw ( Zomi) ahi hi.

- 1355 Khamtung tung; Ciimnuai khua sat. Eimau’ sunga makaite-Songthu, Songza, Songkip, ahi uh hi.

- 1364 Leng Tong Hoih Ava mangpa’ zi, Zo minam hiang khat Maring’ mite Manipur gam tung dingin ki ummawh a, Vangteh (Amin masa Khumnuai) kisat ta kha ding hi.

- 1370 -AD Zomite Chindwin gunpang phaizangah Shante tawh teeng khawmin, Sagaing, Monywa, Dipeyin, Yinmarbin, Mintaingpin, Pale, Gangaw, Pauk, Htilin, Htilin, Ngape-ah teengin, Sibani khua-ah Zo Tualsong 15’ sang tu dong muh theih dingin om lai 1400 Khawhkhen, Kawlpi (Rajagya-Yesayo) tung 1450-700 Hih hunin Zo minam pawlkhatte Tripura gam tung dingin ki-ummawh hi. (Halam, Hrangkhawl, Darlong Kaipeng etc)Lushei Lentang leh Ciau kikal-ah na teng uh1400-1500 Thang Ho leh Lian Do; Cing Khup leh Ngam Bawm; Gal Ngam leh Hangsaite Ciimnuai, Geeltui-ah na teng uh hi.

- 1500 1250-1900: Eimau beh Hausa, khuasat leh Ukpite makai-in ku-uk Lai kinei lo-in khang thu kiciaptehna om theilo;

- 1570 Zosuan ‘Anal’ te Manipur tung dingin ki ummawh 1600 Guite Pu Gui Mang in Tedim khua na sat hi;1700 Lushei leh Paite mi te’n Ciau na kan ta uh hi.

- 1720-1730 Alaungpaya kumpipa in Khamtung galkap la-in Syrian gam na sim hi.1750-850 Thado-Kuki te Manipur gam tung khin uh hi; Biate mite in tua a Chachar mun tung khin dingin ki ummawh hi.

- 1775 Lai mite Mizo gam tung khin dingin ki ummawh hi1777 Lushei mi te’n zawlbuk sawm nei dingin kipan khin1800 Khamtung mite in Chittagong sim uh:

- 1813 Zahau leh Khuangli tawh kipawlin Kam Hau in Thahdo gam la-in uk, Taisunte (Falam ) in Lophei sim, Taisunte in Khuasak sim uh. Zahau leh Khuangli kisim, taisunte in Mualnuam sim. Hualngo leh sukte kisim uh hi.

- 1820 Rev. Adoniram Judson Kawlgam hong tung hi. Amah pen kawlgam Missionary masa pen hi.

- 1830-850 Hatlang Pu Mang Gin (Mangkua) Tedimah teng. Tedim gam sunga Hausa thahat leh minthang kuate in: Tedim – Mang Gin -HatlangVangteh – Pum Go – GuiteDimpi – El Thuam – NaulakSaizang – Vung Vial – HatzawKalzang – Sung Hang Thangnuai – Mang Sum – ThawmteKhuasak – Mat Tuang – GalphuakThuklai – Suan Thuk – SumniangLimkhai – Neih Tuang 1856 Tedim khuapi kiphut kik, Kam Hau in Mualbem pan Tedim zuan hi. Hausa Pu Kam Hau, Galvan- Pu Mang Gin, Thuzek- Pu Khoi Lam, Meitei galpi na zo uh hi.

- 1856-1859 Kam Hau leh Za Hau kikopin Manipur na uk uh hi.1857 Sim leh mal kido hun ahi hi. 

- 1862 (Mizoram in)Tedim sim dingin Meitei galkap 1500 ong kuan suk uh, Meitei in lel, Zomi leh Meitei kido a khatveina hi.

- 1871 Mautam’ kial khatveina hong tung.

- 1872 Guite Innpipa Go Khaw Thang Meitei te’n man, 1872 in Phaipi thong inn sungah si hi.

- 1876 Vai Khan Khatveina, (Mangkang galkapte Lushei gamah a khatveina lut uh hi)1884 Guite innpipa Pu Sum Kam leh Meitei Lengmangpa te’n kilemna bawl, Guite mi 2000 khawng in Lamka gam hong tung uh.

- 1886 Aksi kiat kum ( 3-11-18841887 Mangkang te’n Zogam ( Chin hills) sim kipan1888 Capt. Raikes makaihna tawh mangkang galkapte Kawlpi tung, Vai khan nih veina, Mangkangte lushei gam lut nihveina ciah kik nawnlo uh hi.

- 1889 Capt. Raikes in Zogamah Mawtaw lamsial ding ngen, Zomite’n phal lo, Oct 17, 1929 sungin Zomite in Mangkangte 12 that, 122 hing mat, thau lawng 4 leh la 4 man khawm uh, Sihzang Kale gam sim uh. Taisun leh Sukte kipawlin Kawlzang sim. Kam Hau leh Sukte kipawlin Kangyi sim. Sihzang in Mangkang lambawlte suam. Zokhua, Khalkha, Sukte kipawlin Kumpi na do sawm uh, Taisun mi 1000 in Sihaung sim. Capt. George White in khamtung mite do nadingin India galkap Battalion khat leh Assam kooli 2000 ngenin na ngah hi.

- 1890 January 23 ni-in Sir Gorge White, General Faunce, Major Raikes thuamvum ong tung, Zogam do dingin kuan. Feb 4 ni-in Khuasak la, Feb 13 ni-in Saizang la, May 4 ni-in siallum kulhah kikap, Mangkang bu 3 leh galkap 83 si, Surgeon khat in V.C ngahTua ciangin Tedim hong kap leuleu-in Tedim a hawmin la hi. Mangkangte 120 si-in 70 liam. Tedim mi inn 300 Tonzangah tai uh; Inn teng halsak Thangmual pen “Fort white” kici hi. Mizoram sim lam panin “The expediton 1889 lut” Haksatna thuak lo-in Lunglei luak, kulh bawl uh:

- 1891 Sept. in Tonzangah kikap, kilemna bawl. Upa teng tawh man (Photo) kila uh, Upate’n theilo-in thausa-in lau uh hi. Oct kha sungin Pu Khaw Cin si, A Sanggampa’ tapa Hau Cin Khup in Khua Cin’ za luah, Hau Cin Khup, Thang Khan Pau, Gin Za Thangte Yangon kipai pih, Mang Kang kumpi in Mizoram a uk kipat 25, 9, 1890 ni-in pasal hangsan Khuang Chera leh Ngul Bawka tlawng lui gei-ah mangkang te’n kap lum uh:1892 Thantlang la ding kuanin kido uh Rs. 5000 gaam.

- 1893 Jan 27, 1929 Zomi nam teng gam khatah koih kik nading ngaihsun’ Chin-Lushei Conference’ Fort William, Culculta-ah kibawl hi.April kha-in Thantlang la zo, Oct ni 9 ni-in Pumva leh Thuklai kikalah Myo-ok na suam uh, kap lum, mi thum bek suak ta, Mangkang te’n ni suah na lam Zogam bup nuaisiah zo.

- 1894 Zogamah thau khempeuh kikhawm, lawng 7000 pha. Kaptel la, Oct. kha-in ukpi 49 Rangoonah ki paipih. Khuapi teng sikkhau kizom 1894-95 1.11.1894 ni-in Rev. F.W. Savidge le Rev. F.H. Lorrain-te Mizogam tun hi. (Khristian Missionary masa pen). Mizo lai – A, AW, B, kipan. Jan-Feb. sung B.S. Carey in Cin hills leh Manipur gamgi bawl, Cin hills khen thum kisuah- Tedim, Falam, Halkha1895 Mikang kumpi in Falamah Political officer koih. Falam leh Halka-ah Sikkhau-to, Thonginn, Zato inn, leh Sumkepna (Treasury) kibawl. Carey leh Tuck in The Chin hills bu gelh. Zogam pan siah (Leiman) Rs.17,572 kingah. Carey leh Ukpite kilemna bawlin gam khensakin, Kam Hau uk khua -167, Sukte uk – khua 20 leh Sihzang uk khua – 16 suah hi. Manipur Khristian missionary masa pen Rev. W. Pettigrew (Ukhul khua-ah).

- 1895 Mikang kumpi in Falamah Political officer koih. Falam leh Halka-ah Sikkhau-to, Thonginn, Zato inn, leh Sumkepna (Treasury) kibawl. Carey leh Tuck in The Chin hills bu gelh. Zogam pan siah (Leiman) Rs.17,572 kingah. Carey leh Ukpite kilemna bawlin gam khensakin, Kam Hau’ uk khua -167, Sukte uk – khua 201896 September) Kawlgam’ gamkhen khat (province) in Mikang kumpite’n Zogam hong ciapteh sakin Kawlgam tawh hong gawm. Mizo Laibu neih kipat kum. 

- 21-8-1895 Lusei pau tawh Thukhunthak Luka laibu kinei. Sim leh Mal-a kikhen Lushai hills pen kigawm hi.

- 1898 Chin Hills Regulation Act kibawl. Hih Thukhun tawh tu huna Chin State, Mizoram, Manipur singtanggam teng uk. Ukpi hong piang:Tedim gamah Pu Hau Cin KhupLumbanggamah Pu Hrul MungFalam gamah Pu Thang Tin LianHaka gamah Pu Kio MangTaichun khua-ah Pu Con BikMatu/Mindat gamah Vumthumaung Chief Commissoner Sir Frederick Frayer Tedim, Falam, Khalkha hawh. Mizo biakinn masa pen kipan. Kawlgam (Chin hills) leh manipur gamgi kikhung hi.

- 1899 (2-4-1898) Mizoramah Sangin kipan. Mizo pau-in Thuciamthak – Luka leh John kizo. Mangkang ukna deih lo-in Zomi makaite’n Mangkangte langpanna bawl. Mikangte in Zomi makaite bawlsia.Pu Thuam Thawng (thong sungah si)Pu Kai Tuah khantawn thong hinapi Thuam Thawngte pata a sih ciangin kisuakta sak a Kaptel pan Zampi khua 1909 kumin na sat hi. Pu Taang Pau Dal (thong sungah si)Pu Ngul Bul (Mangkang te’n that)1900 Chin hills-ah Christian Biakna tung; Missionaary masa pen Rev. A.E. Carsonte nupa, March 15 ni-in Halkha tung. Pu Pau Cin Hau phuat Laipian Biakna leh Zomite’ Lai neih cilna.Zomite Laisin kipatna, Biakna thak neihna. Pa Pau Cin Hau in Maang mu. Mr. B.S. Carey in ukpi teng tawh kilemna bawlin sialngawng ban. Hau Cin Khup Ukpi-in kikoih. Mizoram, Mimbung khua-ah Guite Innpipa Kam Za Mang a phat mahmah lai tak hi-in, Aizawl DC leh Tedim pan Mikang ulian Dickman ten Mimbungah pha uh hi. Lushai hills leh Chin hills gamgi kikipsak hi.

AD 1900-1980 Zomi khang tangthu (2/2)

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- 1901 Lushai hills Census masa pen; mihing 82,434 omin Paite pau zang 2,870 om hi.

- 1904 Dr. E.H. East-te nupa Khalkha tung. Zomite palik tum cilna; Zo palik kiphuan. Sila kiphiat. Zogamah Kawllai sang kiphuan. Thuam Hang leh Pau Suan tui kiphum. Lushai hills L.P. School Exam masak pen. Khristian biakna ngeina siangtho-a kiteeng masa pen Hrangsaipuia leh Saimanliani.

- 1906 Lushai hills-ah Sunday School Exam neih masak pen.

- 1907 Zogam bup Tuiphum Pawlpi khoppi masa pen Haka-ah kizang. Zomi (Chin hills) Pastor masa pen Thuam Hang. Manipur State Durbar kipan.

- 1910 Rev. Joseph Herbert Copte-te nupa Tedim tung. Cope topa in Tedim, Falam laimal bawl. Dr. J.H. Woodin-te nupa Khalkha tung. Pau Cin Hau Pawl “Laipian’ kipan. Chin hills-ah Sila kibeisak, Khua gamgi kibawl. (May 7) Dr. Peter Fraser & Waatkin Robert. Manipur simah Khristian missionary-te lut kipatna, Senvon khua-ah kiphual. Lushai hills Presbeterian Pawlpi khoppi masak pen. Aizawl Bazal kipan.

- 1911 Chin hills Census; Tedim uk (Tonzang tawh) sungah mi 30,000 om. Lushai hills Census; Mihing 98,406 om in, Paite suan 10,460 om.

- 1913 Tedim pan Upper Chindwin District Civil Police-ah mi sawm-le-nga kitumsak. Zogamah Alu, Kawltu, Singno leh a tuamtuam ciin sin kipan. Thaangah Sumbuk kibawl. Falam Technical School pan Leisek bawl kisin.

- 1914 Leitung Galpi khatna kipan, Tedimah Thukizakna kiphuan.

- 1914 Manipur gam Sinzawl khua-ah Manipur State Durbar Vice-President Aizawl gam Suprintendent leh Tedim gam Asst. superintendent-te gamgi thu kikumna nei. Muizawl khua, Pau khen in siah a piaknop loh manin Falam gamah lal dingin kisawl. Zomite police dinga sin uh, hoih tuaksa-in lak beh ding kivaihawm. Haka gamah nupa amau leh amau a kithat om.

- 1915 Tedim Pau tawh Lungdamna Matthai bu kikhen.

- 1915-16 Halhka gamah Zusa laangin kial tung. Mizo pau tawh Thuciamthak bupi kizo.

- 1917 Piancit paina leh Galpi masa. CHIN LABOUR CORPSGerman gal piang. may 25 ni-in Piantit (France) gam pai ding mi 1000 Tedim pan ding khia. Piantit paite London hawh. Labour corps, France-ah Ukpiapa Hau Cin Khup in mi tampi paisak zo ahih manin Mikang kumpi in minphatna KSM pia. Mi tampi Kawlpi zanggamah lal.

- 1918 Leitung Galpi khatna ve’ng ta. Piantit pai nuamlo Thahdo leh Khalkha in kumpi do. Oct. kha-in Piantit paite tung kik; 21 si, Piantit gamah kiphum.

- 1918 Tedimah military Police platoon 3, Haka ah 3, leh kawlpi-ah 3 kikoih. Tedim Labour Corp panin mi guk in minphatna namsau ngah.

- 1919 Mikang kumpi, Thahdo leh Khalkhate Hau Cin Khup in lem, kilemsak. Zogam tawh kisai thute kikum dingin 1920 May kha-in Maymyo ah kikhopna om. Assam gam tangin Lushai hills Suprintendent pai. Chin hills-ah Sangnaupang -1,712 pha. Hau Cin khup in a tapa Pum Za Mang huhna tawh vai hoih taka a hawm manin thauka (Revolver) kumpi in pia. Labour Corps-ah a nasepna a hoih manin Hlur Hmung in minphatna A.T.M ngah.

- 1920 Paltan tumcilna. Halka pau tawh Lungdamna Thu leh Sawltakte Tangthu kikhen. Kawlgamah suahtakna deihna khang. Paite pau tawh Khritian la neih kipan.

- 1921 Chin hills Census, Tedim uk (Tonzang tawh) sungah inn 5045 leh Mihing 36,048 om. Zogamah ann hoih lo ahih manin, Lusei gamah mi tampi tak Lal, India kumpi in 4/70th Chin Rifile bawl ding phasa. Falamah Educational Conference om a; Kawl lai pen Zolai tawh laih ding thukim. Zopau tawh thukizakna khat kikhen.

- 1921 Kawlgamah Paltan (Galkap) kiphuan. Vial Nang Ordination kipia; Chin hills-ah masa pen.

- 1922 Chin hills-ah kampau a tuamtuam tawh lai a kihilh manin haksatna tampi om hi. Lai sim nading kampau khat tel a, Roman script tawh laisim bu a bawl dingin kumpi in committee phuan. Lophei Hausa Khup Lian in minphatna thau leh laipi(Certificate) khat ngah.

- 1923 Zomi 300,000 sung panin 2,351 in lai sim thei. Zomite lai pillo hi lo-in a kah kim zolo hi zaw hi.

- 1925 Zolai kisin ta. Kawllai kiphiat Zolai kiphuan. Dr C.U. Strait-te nupa khamtung gam tung’ Roman Catholic Biakna Mizogamah lut.

- 1928 Chin hills-ah Chin National Union party kiphuan.

- 1930 Lamka khua, Phungkhothang Guite leh Zenhang Valte ten sat. Lushai hills-ah hanmual neih kipan.

- 1931 Pa Pau Cin Hau lai tawh Mualtung thuhilhna kikhen. Hau Za Cin Pau in Matric zo, Chin hills pan a zo masa pen.

- 1932 Tedim pau tawh Thuciam Thak kikhen.

- 1933 Zomite politics lungsim neih kipan. Chin Unity Organization kiphuankhia. CUO in Ramgoon-a Mikang kumpi tungah deihna nam kua a nei memorandum khia.

- 1935 Falam High School kiphuan. Young Lushai Association (1947 pan Young Mizo Association, kici kik) kiphut hi.

- 1937 Mikang kumpi in Kawlgam leh Vaigam gamgi khung in, Zogam phel nih suak. Leitung Galpi nihna kipan.

- 1938 June-11 ni: Dr. Cope Khalkha-ah si. U Shiah Lwe in B.A zo, Chin hills-ah a masa pen. Lam Za Hang (Tedim) in Mawtaw nei, Chin hills-ah a masa pen. Mikang a do Zomi makai Pu Suang Khaw Kam, Magwe khuapi-ah si.

- 1939 Rev. F.O. Nelson-te nupa Tedim tung. CUO makai teng kiman, thongah khum.

- 1940 Paite pau tawh Laisiangthou bumal masak pen – Tanchinhoih Johan, Rev. Nengzachin in tei hi. Halkha pau tawh Thuciam Thak kikhen.

- 1942 August: Japan te’n Zogam leitang tung. Japan galkap 75,000 Kalgam lut. Kawlgam galkap 402,300 India-ah tai. Chin Army kiphuan. Leisan mualah thau zang lo-in temtawng tawh kido, Japante 150 liam, tampi si. Chin hills-ah Mikang huhna tawh Japan gal a nang dingin CHIN LEVY kiphuan. Japan huhna tawh Mikangte do dingin CHIN DEFENCE ARMY (CDA) kiphut. Paite pau tawh Khristian Labu neih kipan.

- 1943 Tedim, Halkha, Falam Japan in la.

- 1944 March: Japante Moirang tung, Imphal gal muh. Feb. Mar. Apr. sungin Arakan gamah Japante 5000 kithat. Sukte Independent Army (SIA) kiphuan. Japante nungkik, 50,000 val si.

- 1945 Galpi Nihan vengh. UNO kiphuan. R. Tuang Hmung in Chin Rural and Education Uplift Society phuan.

- 1946 Rev. R.G. Johnson-te nupa Khalkha tung. S.T. Hau Go in M.A (Madras) zo; Chin hills pan a masa pen. Khamtung Suahtak Vaihawm Pawlpi party kiphuan. makai: Pu Thang Kho Kai, Pu Song Theu, Pu Thang Za Kai, Pu Lang Khaw Thang. Thuhoih Vaihawm Pawlpi party kiphuan. Makaite — Pu Vungh Za Kham, Pu Hau Za Lian, Pu Tuah Langh. Kawlmi te’n suahtakna lak a sawmna tawh kituaka khamtungmite kalsuan dan ding a vaan dingin Zomi, Shan, Kachin te’n The Supreme Council of The United Hill People (SCOUHP) cih kipawlna bawl. Kawlmi makai Aung San in suahtakna ngen dingin England gam zin. Mualtung mite thukimna keng lo ahih manin tangtung zo lo. Lushai hills-a political party masa pen Mizo Union kiphut hi.

- 1947 Chin-Burma Unity Pillar, Htilin khua-ah kiphut. Panglong Conference-ah Kawlmite tawh suahtakna la kawm dingin thukimna khutpimai meekna kibawl; Chin hills taangin Pu Thawng Za Khup, Pu Hrul Mung leh Pu Kio Mangte pai. Kawlgamah Constituent Assembly kiteelna kibawl; KSVP pan Pu Mang Tung Nung leh CNU pan Pu Vumthumaungte kihel. Gen. Aung San makaihna tawh Kawlgam Constitution Drafting Committee kibawl; Zomite tangin Pu Mang Tung Nung leh Pu Savut kihel. Tedimah High School kiphuan. THUKITUAHNA cih thukizakna kipan. Zo Education Board kiphuan. Tedimah Lai Siangtho Sang kiphuan. R. Tuang Hmung in Falam Chin hills D.C. seem. Siamsinpawlpi (SSPP) January 13 ni-in Suangpi khua-ah kiphut. President mapa pen Dr. Liankham Samte. Mizoramah Kawlgam tawh kigawm a ut pawl – United Mizo Freedom Organisation (UMFO) kiphut hi. Manipur State Hill Peoples (Administration) Regulation Act kibawl.

- 1948 January4: Kawlgam in suahtakna ngah. Kawlgam in suahtakna ngahin, Chin Special Division in Union of Burma-ah State tawh a kizakim phialin thuneihna nei. ZBC sungah TBA, FBA, HBA kiphuan. Zo zum (Chin Affair Council) Rangoon-ah kiphuan. Hill Chin Students’ Union Rangoonah kiphuan. Zogam ukpi te’n mipi’ deihna zui-in ukpi za nusia uh. January 22: Kawlgam Prime Minister zum thukikupna-ah Pu Mang Tung Nung in, Zogam sunga Chin Hill Regulation Acts thukhun zui-a ki-ukna tawh kisai, mipi’ deihna kan ding a kisapna thu sung. 1948 kum : February 5: Hih thukhun zuia ukpi ki-ukna, mipi’ngaihsutna a kan ding committee kibawl. Capt. Mang Tung Nung in CHIN PEOPLE’S FREEDOM LEAGUE (CPFL) phut. Mizoramah political party masa pen Mizo Union kiphut hi.

- 1949 June 27: Paite National Council, Tangnuam khua-ah kiphut. President masa pen Pu T. Thangkhai. Manipur, Indian Union tawh kigawm.

- 1950 Lushai hills-ah Paite Federation kiphut. CBCNEI(Council of Baptist Churches in North East India) kiphuan. Sia S.T. Hau Go in MRE, Colgate Rochester Theological College, USA pan zo. Paite pau tawh Thukhun Thak leh Sam bu, Rev .Nengzachin in tei zo.

- 1951 Falam pau tawh Thuciam Thak kikhen. K.T.P. (Khristian Thalai pawl) kiphut.

- 1952 ZBC (Zomi Baptist Convention) kiphuan. LUNGVAKNA cih thukizakna kiphuan. Hill Chin Students’ Union Magazine kikhen. Mizo District Council kipan.

- 1953 Falam Theological School kiphuan. April 1: Aizawl leh Lunglei Mawtaw Lampi kihong. March 3: Lamka-ah Young Paite Association (YPA) kiphut. President masa pen Pu T. Vungsiam.

- 1954 C.K. Taikwel in M.Sc. (USA) zo, Chin hills pan masa pen. Lushai Hills pen Mizo District ci-in kikhek hi. Mizoramah sila kiphiat hi.

- 1955 VumKhaw Hau in Ambassador ngah. Khamtungmi masa pen.

- 1956 Manipur Villages Authority in the Hill Area Act kibawl.

- 1957 CNU leh CPFL kigawmin CHIN NATIONAL ORGANISATION (CNO) ci; Capt. Mang Tung Nung in President len.

- 1958 BCM (Baptist church of Manipur) kiphuan. Sia Kam Khaw Thang in B. Th. zo. Chin Liberation Army, Pu Tun kho Pum Baite in phut.

- 1960 Dr. Cope Golden Jubilee Tedimah kizang. Churachanpur Baptist Association Kiphuan. May 30: PNC President Pu T. Goukhenpau leh Secretary Pu S. Vung Khomte makaihna tawh India Prime Minister Pu Pandit Jawaharal Nehru kiangah ‘Re-unification of Chin People of India and Burma under one country’ cih thulu zangin Zo minam khempeuh ading District hiam, Division hiam, Region hiam khat bawlsak a, tua sungah gawmkhawm dingin ngetna memorandum khia. Manipur Land revenue & Land Reform Act kibawl.

- 1961 Mizoramah Congress party leh Mizo National Front (MNF) kiphut hi.

1962 Chin Affair Council pen Chin Supreme Council ciin kikhak. Kawlgamah Socialist Kumpi kiphuan. Mizoramah Paite National Council (PNC) Pu Khan Cin makaihna tawh kiphut hi.

- 1963 Aizawl-a Electric zat kipan. December 11: India Kumpi in Manipur, Paite mite ‘Scheduled Tribe’ lakah guang.

- 1964 Mizo District MLA bye-election-ah MNF leh PNC pangkhawm. Khritian Thukizakna (EBC, Manipur) kipan. Kawlgamah ANTI-COMMUNIST FREEDOM ORGANISATION (ACFO) pawl kiphut in, Lt. Col. Son Khaw Pau, Pu Dam Khaw Hau, Pu Mang Khan Pau, Pu Hrang Nawl, Pu Son Cin Lian leh Pu Tual Zen ten makaih hi. ACFO pawl pen Manipur-a Zomi makai Tun Khaw Pum tawh kikopin, Zo Kumpi – UNITED CHIN GOVERNMENT pawl phuan uh hi. Pu Tun Khaw Pum pen Prime Minister, Pu Col. Son Khaw Pau pen Defense Minister, Pu Hrang Nawl pen Foreign Minister.

- 1965 PNC HQ in Sialkaltang, Paite Regional Council ngetna memorandum kumpi tungah khia. Mizo District, Deputy Commissioner Pu K. Saigal IAS in Sialkaltang dung pha. MNF in India kumpi tungah Independent ngetna memorandum tun. Tedim & Tonzang uk sungah inn 10,649 leh mihing 84,553 om.

- 1966 March 1: MNF in Mizoram Independent puangin Mizoram buai kipan. Kumpi in Mikang missionary-te om a phal nawn loh manin Missionary-te ciah. Paite Regional Council ngetna tawh kisai-in PNC leh Pataskar Commission-te Aizawlah kiho. Chin National Organisation pen Zomi National Front ci-in kikhek.

- 1968 Dawt Sung in M.A. zo; Chin hills pan numei masa pen.

- 1969 UNITED CHIN GOVERNMENT makai Col. Son Khaw Pau, Pu Hrang Nawl, Pu Dam Khaw Hau, Pu Ro Thangte kimanin Kawlgam kumpi tungah ki-ap. Pu John Mang Tlingte makaihna tawh CHIN DEMOCRACY PARTY (CDP) kiphut.

- 1970 Paite pau tawh Laisiangthou buppi kizo.

- 1971 Manipur Hill Area District Council Act kibawl.

- 1972 Mizoram in U.T (Union Territory) ngah. Manipur in State ngah. January 21: Manipur, Daizang khua-ah Zomi National Congres (ZNC) kiphut. President masa pen Pu T. Gougin leh Secretary Pu S. Thangkhangin Ngaihte.

- 1973 Evangelical Convention Church (ECC) Lamka, kipan.

- 1974 January 3: Chin Hills in Chin State ngah. Dr. Vum Khaw Hau in Ph.D. ngah. Chin State-ah biakna lam khanlawhna tung.

- 1975 Zolai kum 50 cin’na pawi Tlangnuamah kizang. Zolai kum 50 cin’na Magazine kikhen. Mizoram-ah People’s Conference Party (Tun MPC) piang.

- 1976 LUNGDAMNA AW kiphuan.

- 1977 Tedim Lai Siangtho kizo. Kawlgam galkapte leh CNA (Khaimulen)te Vangteh leh Saizang kiim tengah nakpi takin kikap. CNA-te mi 60 Vangteh khua, Mah-Sah-Lah (Burma Socialist Programme Party) thuneite kiangah ki-surendar, kikaplum veve. Mi 46, Kalemyo Jail-ah kipuak. mi 4 liam.

- 1980 April 10: Teikhang khua-ah Paite nam makaite kikaikhawmin, Mizoram Paite Organisation (MPO) kipawlna phut. Pu Thangzakap, President masa pen.

- 1903 Missionary School masa pen Haka-ah kiphuan. Paite Sintungbu Vialphung Tombing & Rev. David E Jones. ten bawl. Tedimah Tan 4 Sang kiphuan.